Phenomena of fear
Osteuropa 10/2025
Lev Gudkov on the roots of fear in Russian society; translation as survival strategy in Soviet Kyiv; why the EU needs to get real on Belarus; what the Armenia–Iran relationship means for the South Caucasus.
Poland is descending on a path toward more and more authoritarian tactics to curb independent journalism, while Belarus has long been enduring direct repression, especially since last year’s revolution. In Ukraine, however, the majority of mainstream media is owned by oligarchs, and public service is trying to gain ground to balance them out.
Published 28 October 2021
Original in English
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Lev Gudkov on the roots of fear in Russian society; translation as survival strategy in Soviet Kyiv; why the EU needs to get real on Belarus; what the Armenia–Iran relationship means for the South Caucasus.
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine is entering its fifth year. With peace negotiations at a standstill, traumatized communities face a tough question: What does it mean to memorialize a war when its end is nowhere in sight? War crime survivors from Yahidne are actively engaging in how their mass confinement is remembered.