Historian and political scientist. Director of studies at the Center for Turkish, Ottoman, Balkan and Central Asian Studies, at the Ecole des hautes études en sciences sociales, Paris. His current research is focused on the formation of the modern anti-democratic systems in Iran, Russia and Turkey, as well violence in the Middle East. He has co-edited, with Gilles Bataillon and Christophe Jaffrelot, Revolutionary Passions: Latin America, Middle East and India (Routledge, 1997).
Syria, Ukraine, Nagorno-Karabakh and now Gaza: connecting all recent wars is disregard for national sovereignty as recognised by international law. Confident of impunity, anti-democratic regimes cite sovereign interests as justification for their politics of annihilation.
